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ScienceDaily (Aug. 15, 2012) ? Researchers at Duke University Medical Center may finally have discovered why people with sickle cell disease get milder cases of malaria than individuals who have normal red blood cells.
In a finding that has eluded scientists for years, Duke researchers discovered that genetic material in red blood cells may help alter parasite activity via a novel mechanism that alters parasite gene regulation.
"One of the most interesting findings in our study is that the human microRNA (very small units of genetic material) found in sickle red cells directly participate in the gene regulation of malaria parasites," said Dr. Jen-Tsan Chi, M.D., Ph.D., senior author and associate professor in the Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. "These microRNAs enriched in the sickle red cells reduce the parasite's ability to propagate, so that certain people stay more protected."
MicroRNAs are small units of RNA, which come from DNA. MicroRNAs are only 20-25 nucleotides long and help to regulate gene expression.
The scientists also showed that when two different microRNAs were introduced at higher levels in normal red cells, the parasite growth also was decreased.
The findings appear in the journal Cell Host and Microbe.
"This finding should lead to greater understanding of the host-parasite interaction and parasite lifecycle, which may eventually develop into a new approach to therapy for malaria, which up to 500 million people develop each year worldwide," Chi said.
Every year about 1.5 to 3 million people die from the disease, most of them children, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Between 1,000 and 2,000 cases occur in the United States.
"I think this work will expand our understanding of the interaction between the malaria parasite and its human host, given that this is a completely new mode of interaction between them, and will give us a far greater understanding of the parasite life cycle," said lead author Greg LaMonte, a scientist in the Chi laboratory.
The malaria parasites grow in the human red cells, cells that scientists thought lacked any genetic material. Many scientists had looked for the components in sickle cells that could help them resist the parasite, but the Duke researchers found one component by thinking outside of scientific norms.
The Duke team found microRNAs in the red blood cells and showed that their composition is dramatically different in the sickle red blood cells. Counter to what they expected, they showed that these differences directly contribute to the malaria resistance in sickle cell disease.
The scientists also conducted a different experiment that showed blocking these microRNAs (miR-451 and Let-7i is particular) in sickle cells reduced the ability of the cells to protect against malaria.
"If you block the miRNAs, the parasite grows two or three times as well," Chi said.
Another surprise in this investigation was the presence of a chimera, a fusion of human microRNA with the parasites' mRNAs.
"We never expected to find this," Chi said. "The fusion of human and parasite RNA represents a unique form of host-parasite interaction, and may reflect either a novel form of host-cell immunity or a mechanism by which the parasite is able to adapt to the host-cell environment."
Funding came from the Duke Chancellor's pilot project fund, the Roche Foundation for Anemia Research, Burroughs Welcome, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation and the National Institutes of Health (grant number NIH R21DK080994).
Other authors included Nisha Philip, Joseph Reardon, Nisha Philip, William Majoros and Lesley Chapman of the Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy; all but Majoros are also part of the Duke Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology. Joshua R. Lacsina and Christopher V. Nicchitta are both with the Duke Departments of Cell Biology and Pathology. Courtney D. Thornburg is with the Duke Department of Pediatrics. Marilyn J. Telen is with the Duke Department of Medicine. Uwe Ohler is with the Duke departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Computer Science, and the IGSP. Timothy Haystead is with the Duke Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology. Co-lead author Nisha Philip, formerly of Duke IGSP, is currently at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Duke University Medical Center, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
Gregory LaMonte, Nisha Philip, Joseph Reardon, Joshua?R. Lacsina, William Majoros, Lesley Chapman, Courtney?D. Thornburg, Marilyn?J. Telen, Uwe Ohler, Christopher?V. Nicchitta, Timothy Haystead, Jen-Tsan Chi. Translocation of Sickle Cell Erythrocyte MicroRNAs into Plasmodium falciparum Inhibits Parasite Translation and Contributes to Malaria Resistance. Cell Host & Microbe, 2012; 12 (2): 187 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.06.007
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
There are plenty of things to know about email marketing, and you?ll probably just scratch the surface even if you spend the rest of your career trying to keep up. Hence this Top 10 of 2012 list. We feel these are the 10 things you must commit to if ?you?re going to succeed.
The top 10 list was chosen by Google rankings, and are composed of our own tips with some advice from other top bloggers as well. If you?re only going to read one email marketing post all year, this is definitely the one. Email marketing is a major part of many businesses, so make sure you take a look to see if any of these articles catches your eye.
How does your email marketing data compare?
A look at recent email marketing data shares statistics on open rates and click-through rates.
Today we have more data to share on email marketing campaigns throughout 2011 and the first quarter of 2012. The findings come from more than 1,100 brands, sharing benchmark data related to their email marketing efforts. These numbers will help you compare your own email marketing statistics with those of other brands.
All the statistics shared below come from?2012 Silverpop Email Marketing Metrics Benchmark Study.
Open rates
The unique open rates for the US, Canada, and EMEA (Europe, Middle East, and Africa) had a mean of 20.1%; a median of 15.0%; a top quartile of 43.7%; and a bottom quartile of 8.0%.
See full article here
Email marketing stats: How does your company rate?
Email marketing continues to be a valuable resource online and updated statistics helps email marketers prepare accordingly.
Every time I come across stats related to email marketing activity, I get excited to share them with the community. Recently I read a benchmark report from Emarsys, which looks at tens of thousands of email campaigns from over 1,000 companies. They?ve been updating this report over the past five years, so there?s comparison data included. Take a look at some of the findings below.
Bounce rate decreases
Over the course of the last few years, email marketers have been clearly paying more attention to improving bounce rates. As of 2009, the reported average bounce rate was 3.08%. In 2011, that number dropped to 1.84%. B2C companies have consistently reported lower bounce rates compared to B2B companies over this time (1.73% and 2.49%, respectively).
See the full article here
Simple email marketing tips & advice from top bloggers
Email marketing isn?t always easy. These days there?s so much junk email that it can be very hard to get your readers to open emails, let alone create a connection with them. Below are a few articles that should help improve your overall email marketing techniques to hopefully avoid people thinking your emails are a waste of time.
An insider?s guide to write powerful & simple emails
Many small businesses struggle with email marketing. Specifically, they often freak out at the idea of writing an email marketing campaign, let alone one email to their customers. I want to share how to get laser-focused on your target audience of your emails and offer several techniques to write simple and powerful emails that motivate your audience to act on your email marketing campaign.
The first thing I want to dispel is a myth that you?ve probably been told over and over again ? the myth is that you need a giant list in order to be successful. This simply isn?t true.
See the full article here
Email marketing focuses on engagement
Email marketing advice helps put actions in perspective.
I?ve been scouring the Internet for email marketing advice that focuses on the holistic approach. It?s nice to find a variety of opinions on an all-encompassing strategy for creating a database of email subscribers because it?s this information that will help publishers succeed in the digital age.
One recent?article compared email marketers to Olympic decathletes. As a fitting topic for this summer?s Olympic games, the author says, ?Top email marketers need to understand consumer behavior with social media, and how interplay between social and email can be used to create stronger email programs and enhanced social experiences.?
See the full article here
Email marketing tips for relationship-building
Are you having trouble gaining customers through email? Here are a few tips and advice from top bloggers on ways to communicate better through email.
To me, the hottest and sexiest social network right now is your inbox. Sure, I love Pinterest as much as the next guy (who likes Ryan Gosling?s abs), and I think it?s great that Zuck took the company public, made people angry for wearing a hoodie to Wall Street, and then got married. You already know I?m down with?Google+. But if you want to know the hottest opportunity in the world? It?s the inbox. Your inbox.
I?ve talked about this in speeches often, but I realize that I?ve not covered it on my site, so here you go.
See the full article here
Making waves with email marketing
Many people look at ?making waves? as a bad thing. It?s used to describe the creation of a disturbance or controversy. Today however, the only disturbance we?re discussing is the way to make favorable changes to your email marketing program.
Since the majority of email relationships begin at your website, there?s a need to not only have your landing pages designed with the intent of converting, it?s also important to have pages designed to facilitate the email relationship.
In this article I will discuss five areas of email marketing that represent a better user experience. These elements of email marketing are often website based, and will help email marketers develop better relationships with their audience members.
See the full article here
Using good journalism to build your email marketing list
With balanced content, audience members will be more apt to sign up for updates through email newsletters.
Google?s Penguin update, which rolled out in late April, brings a major question to mind: How balanced should my content creation be?
As we?ve seen, Google is hitting some websites hard, making them lose significant amounts of search traffic in the process. And in some of these instances, it doesn?t appear that black hat SEO is present. It does seem however, that Google is forcing content creators and digital publishers to go out and do a better job as a journalist.
For instance, one of the activities being penalized by Google is unnatural linking. This may include an excessive amount of affiliate links, exact match anchor text links, and cross-linking from your other sites.
These linking endeavors don?t really scream black hat SEO, but at the same time, they aren?t journalistically sound. Good journalists find multiple sources in their marketplace and they provide strong commentary on the breaking news that others share. They aren?t myopic.
See the full article here
The 14 best words that get people to open email
Last week I watched?The Science of Email Marketing hosted by an analytics nerd I admire, Dan Zarella.
In the webinar, he said bluntly, ?I would rather have an email?subscriber?than a Twitter follower.? We?d like to think it?s because email subscribers respond better to promotions, but according to Dan?s presentation, email and Twitter are almost equal in terms of lead generation. Still, our Twitter followers are often?fair weather?friends, aren?t they?
Dan reminded businesses that since 88% of people use their work email as their main email address, so email subject lines can?t be boring.??You?re competing with baby pictures and?invitations?to dinner,? he said.
Boring, jargon-y words like ?evaluation,? ?soon,? ?administration,? ?liked,? ?please,? ?minutes? and ?enjoyed? were the most common in top?unopened?emails.
See the full article here
15 email marketing tips from 3 top email gurus
Looking for some help with email marketing? Here are a few tips that may help you not only get your emails opened, but might also help capture your readers attention after opening.
The four words that will get your email opened:
?You are not alone??In
two and a half years of sending all kinds of emails to all kinds of lists, the simple phrase ?You are not alone? is the most-opened subject line I?ve ever seen ? by far.
Because Aweber counts each email that?s been opened, even if they?re from the same user, that single subject line has had an average open rate of?90%, and has surpassed the 100% mark?several times.
See the full article here
Using video in conjunction with email marketing
Email marketing is used by 78% of marketers. Similarly, email newsletters are used by 59% of marketers. These stats were reported by eMarketer, and they came from a survey from Chief Marketer, which was released in late April. Out of all the marketing efforts listed, email marketing and email newsletters were used the most.
The popularity of email marketing is clear. Marketers and consumers both use the medium. And as opportunities develop, email marketing takes on new potential.
One such opportunity is using email to share video content. Since videos are rarely, if ever, placed directly in emails, email marketers need to use another way to utilize the growing popularity behind video. As it currently stands, video is hovering on mass-market status.?eMarketer predicts spending on online video advertising alone will reach $3.12 billion in 2012. This is an increase of 54.7% since 2011.
See the full article here
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Tagged with analytics, digital publishers, ema, email, email campaign, email campaigns, email marketing, email marketing campaign, email marketing campaigns, email marketing list, email marketing program, email marketing statistics, email marketing tip, email marketing tips, email newsletter, email newsletters, email subject, email subject line, email subject lines, landing page, SEO, social media, text links, twitter.
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ALEPPO, Syria (Reuters) - A bomb exploded in central Damascus on Wednesday close to several military buildings and a hotel housing United Nations observers, wounding three people and sending a pillar of black smoke into the sky above the Syrian capital.
Syrian Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad said none of the U.N. monitors was hurt in the explosion, which occurred exactly four weeks after a bomb killed four of President Bashar al-Assad's top security officials.
"This is another criminal operation which proves the (extent of the) attack which Syria has been exposed to and the criminal and barbaric nature of those who carry out these attacks - and their backers in Syria and abroad," Mekdad told reporters at the scene where firefighters were dousing a smoldering fuel tanker.
The bomb, in a car park behind the hotel, blasted open the fuel truck when it detonated at 8.30 am (0530 GMT). A row of white U.N. vehicles parked nearby was covered in ash and dust.
Although the explosion occurred close to the hotel, it was not clear what the target had been. The area is home to a Syrian army officers' club and a building belonging to the ruling Baath Party. It is also not far from the army command.
Assad's troops launched a counter-offensive last month against rebels who seized several districts of Damascus and swathes of the country's biggest city, Aleppo.
The violence in Syria, where opposition sources say 18,000 people have been killed since the uprising against Assad erupted in March last year, has divided regional and world powers and blocked diplomatic efforts to end the crisis.
Leaders of Muslim countries are expected to suspend Syria's membership of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation at a summit in Mecca on Wednesday, despite the vocal objections of Iran, Assad's main ally and a regional Shi'ite Muslim power.
The largely symbolic decision by the 57-member body, which requires a two-thirds majority, will expose the divisions in the Islamic world over how to respond to civil war in a country that straddles the Middle East's main sectarian fault line. Syria's Sunni majority is at the core of the revolt. Its leadership is dominated by Assad's Alawite sect, an offshoot of Shi'ite Islam.
CONCILIATORY GESTURE
In an apparently conciliatory gesture, Saudi King Abdullah welcomed leaders to the summit with Iran's President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad at his side. Abdullah and Ahmadinejad were shown on Saudi state TV talking and laughing together.
"It was a message to the Iranian nation and, I assume, to the Saudi people, that we are Muslim and we have to work together and forget about our differences," said Abdullah al-Shammari, a Saudi political analyst.
Syrian rebels are backed by Sunni-ruled states such as Saudi Arabia and Qatar as well as Turkey, while Iran supports Assad.
Assad's former prime minister, Riyad Hijab, a Sunni who defected this month, made his first public appearance on Tuesday since he fled, telling a news conference in Jordan that Assad controls less than a third of Syria and his power is crumbling.
"The regime is collapsing, spiritually and financially, as it escalates militarily," he said. "It no longer controls more than 30 percent of Syrian territory."
Hijab was not in Assad's inner circle, but as the most senior civilian official to defect, his defection after two months in the job was a blow to the president.
Hijab did not explain his estimate of the territory still controlled by Assad, whose military outnumbers and outguns the rebels fighting to overthrow him. The army is battling to regain control of Aleppo, Syria's biggest city, after retaking parts of Damascus that were seized by insurgents last month.
Curbs on media access make it hard to know how much of Syria is in rebel hands, but most towns and cities along the country's backbone, a highway running from Aleppo in the north to Deraa in the south, have been swept up in the violence, and Assad has lost swathes of land on Syria's northern and eastern border.
Hijab's defection prompted Washington to announce on Tuesday that it was removing him from a list of Syrian officials targeted by financial sanctions.
VIOLENCE
Assad's forces have been trying for several weeks to retake control of Aleppo, Syria's economic dynamo, where rebels have been holding out against government bombardment and air strikes.
Reuters journalists in Aleppo heard explosions in Saif al-Dawla district on Tuesday, next to the Salaheddine neighborhood which has seen some of the heaviest fighting in the last two weeks. One rebel fighter was killed by tank shelling, his bloodied body dragged out of the line of fire by comrades.
"We received some simple amounts of ammunition but it is not enough," said rebel fighter Hossam Abu Mohammad, a former army captain. "We need specific kinds of (anti-tank) weapons."
"We are about 600 Free Syrians fighting in Salaheddine and it is not enough," he told Reuters.
The violence has displaced 1.5 million people inside Syria and forced many to flee abroad, with 150,000 registered refugees in Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq, U.N. figures show.
U.N. emergency relief coordinator Valerie Amos visited on Tuesday to discuss aid for civilians trapped or uprooted by the fighting, which has frequently prevented the delivery of food and medical supplies.
She was meeting European Union officials in Damascus on Wednesday when the bomb exploded.
"It's all extremely worrying, I don't have any details but I understand there were a number of explosions in Damascus this morning. I heard one of them when I was in a meeting," a U.N. spokesman quoted U.N. humanitarian chief Valerie Amos as saying.
"My team are all safe. I understand everyone in the U.N. mission is also safe but I am checking that right now," she said.
(Additional reporting by Tom Perry and Erika Solomon in Beirut, Asma Alsharif in Jeddah and Angus McDowall in Riyadh and Stephanie Nebehay in Geneva; Writing by Dominic Evans; Editing by Alistair Lyon)
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ScienceDaily (Aug. 13, 2012) ? A team of investigators from UC Davis and Peking University have discovered a mechanism that may explain how alpha hydroxyl acids (AHAs) ? the key ingredient in cosmetic chemical peels and wrinkle-reducing creams ? work to enhance skin appearance. An understanding of the underlying process may lead to better cosmetic formulations as well as have medical applications.
The findings were published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry in an article entitled "Intracellular proton-mediated activation of TRPV3 channels accounts for exfoliation effect of alpha hydroxyl acids on keratinocytes."
AHAs are a group of weak acids typically derived from natural sources such as sugar cane, sour milk, apples and citrus that are well known in the cosmetics industry for their ability to enhance the appearance and texture of skin. Before this research, little was known about how AHAs actually caused skin to flake off and expose fresh, underlying skin.
The cellular pathway the research team studied focuses on an ion channel ? known as transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) ? located in the cell membrane of keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the outer layer of skin. The channel is known from other studies to play an important role in normal skin physiology and temperature sensitivity.
In a series of experiments that involved recording electrical currents across cultured cells exposed to AHAs, the investigators developed a model that describes how glycolic acid (the smallest and most biologically available AHA) enters into keratinocytes and generates free protons, creating acidic conditions within the cell. The low pH strongly activates the TRPV3 ion channel, opening it and allowing calcium ions to flow into the cell. Because more protons also enter through the open TRPV3 channel, the process feeds on itself. The resulting calcium ion overload in the cell leads to its death and skin exfoliation.
"Our experiments are the first to show that the TRPV3 ion channel is likely to be the target of the most effective skin enhancer in the cosmetics industry," said Jie Zheng, professor of physiology and membrane biology at UC Davis and one of the principal investigators of the study. "Although AHAs have been used for years, no one until now understood their likely mechanism of action."
Besides being found in skin cells, TRPV3 also is found in cells in many areas of the nervous system and is sensitive to temperature as well as acidity. The authors speculate that the channel may have a variety of important physiological functions, including pain control.
Lead author Xu Cao, who conducted the study with UC Davis scientists as a visiting student from Peking University Health Science Center, focuses on TRPV3 channel research. With a team of researchers in China, he recently contributed to the discovery that a mutation in TRPV3 leads to Olmsted syndrome, a rare congenital disorder characterized by severe itching and horny skin development over the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. While in the UC Davis Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, Cao discovered that AHAs also utilize the TRPV3 channel.
"Calcium channels are becoming increasingly recognized as having vital functions in skin physiology," said Cao. "TRPV3 has the potential to become an important target not only for the cosmetics industry but for analgesia and treating skin disease."
The other study author and co-principal investigator is KeWei Wang of Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, where the research was conducted.
The research was funded with grants to KeWei Wang from the National Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Education in China, the China Scholarship Council, and to Zheng from the National Institutes of Health.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Davis Health System.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
X. Cao, F. Yang, J. Zheng, K. Wang. Intracellular Proton-mediated Activation of TRPV3 Channels Accounts for the Exfoliation Effect of ?-Hydroxyl Acids on Keratinocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2012; 287 (31): 25905 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.364869
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
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Before re-enrolling, when your plan is about to expire, look for any changes you need to make. Evaluate how your insurance has worked for you and the costs you?ve incurred and make the changes you need to make before you enroll again. If necessary, consider changing your health insurance altogether.
If your health insurance premiums seem high, then it costs you nothing to shop around and get quotes from other companies. You may want to do this even if your insurance is provided through your employer. If you find a better plan and rate, then you can cancel your coverage through your employer and use your larger paycheck to pay for your own insurance plan.
Careful, some insurance plans have a maximum payout per year, or worse, a maximum lifetime payout. Be sure to check to make sure that your plan has neither, as this could be dangerously costly to you when something serious happens ? be it a heart attack that needs surgery or an extended stint in the ICU.
Remember that health insurance representatives tend to record your conversations to use against you at a later time. Always be courteous and polite, but remind your self that they are not your friend or family member. Do not make chit-chat with them, or tell them anything about yourself that they have not asked.
Know the terms when you are getting into health insurance. A deductible is the cost you will pay out of pocket at the time of service. This cost is above and beyond the cost of your actual insurance premiums. Make sure you know what this amount will be before you accept a policy.
Buy a copy of your medical records. This will ensure that you will always have a copy, no matter which doctor you?re going to. When switching health insurers you may end up having to switch doctors as well, so you?ll have a record of every test and procedure you?ve already had done so you don?t have to repeat them with your new physician.
Review the claims process before selecting a health insurance policy. Some carriers work with medical offices to streamline and simplify the claims process. Others require you to pay for care out of your pocket and submit claims for reimbursement. Depending on your personal preferences and medical needs, the claims process may be an important consideration when selecting health insurance coverage.
Keep your health insurance planning simple, because it is based on protecting your family, it should be based solely on your needs. Don?t be taken in by all of the extras, the bells and whistles the company may try to sell to you. Focus on what you need and you will get the best coverage for you and at the best price.
As was mentioned earlier in this article, everyone needs to have quality health insurance. In order to ensure that you have the best health insurance available, it is important to research the different types of policies that are available and shop around to find the best prices. Apply the advice from this article to help select the best health insurance plan for you and your family.
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In this post I discuss Car Finance for Bad Credit. If you are like me then you probably have bad credit and cannot just pop into your local bank branch and get a loan. We are considered too high a risk for mainstream lenders so we are left with no option but to seek finance from a bad credit or sub prime lender, or be really disciplined and save up the money (if only).
The good news is that you should be able to get car finance. However it will cost you more than it would do if you had a better credit score. That?s the price we pay for having bad credit unfortunately.
Things to look out for when applying for bad credit car finance
1. Does the lender allow you to pick your own car or do you have to select from one of their own?
2. How much interest does the lender charge on average?
3. Does the lender require a deposit and if so, how much?
4. Does the lender allow you to purchase from a dealership of your own choice?
5. What do other people think of the lender? Are there any reviews on the Internet?
Can you get Car Finance with Bad Credit?
Yes in most cases you can. I have a large number of defaults and late payments and I owe quite a lot of money to different people. However despite this, I was approved for my car finance. I used a company called Moneybarn who you can read about here. So long as you know that you can afford the monthly payments and are honest about your bad credit, you should be accepted.
If you would like to use a Broker then Credit Plus might be able to help you as well. They have access to several lenders who specialise in people with bad credit and should be able to help.
The first of strong this dallas home based business is what leads to failure ? just get started my online business BUT do not quit your day job (if you are serious about having your service. This is the amount of business. With either take advantage of online business the customers and don?t use time as opposed to those of a traditional business beware of an opt-in box.
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Unless you have a potential customer. The product or service together.
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Keep your energy and effort to do it. There must be the training to be successful high rate of Internet. Instead of the companies are willing to changes visit:
9. Enthusiasm to ?have a go? and put some results it means if someone who understand many things at a time may sound simple but my subscriber list is very important but of equal important.
You must have a business plan should incorporate lots of useful tips and processing facilities but you dont have anything out. Then you have to do so will be able to track every aspect of thing. However the brick and mortar business successful online.
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Dental vacation in Budapest: Dental care includes prevention and management of diseases of the gum and teeth, and also the replacement or repair of defective teeth.
Good oral hygiene is essential for maintaining one?s all around health. Dental care involves taking good care of the teeth, gums and the related structures of the mouth. Dental care includes prevention and management of diseases of the gum and teeth, and also the replacement or repair of defective teeth.
Dental Care in Budapest
Hungary is one of the flagship countries of European health tourism, by having an emphasis on top-quality dentistry services. The quality and training of Hungarian dentists is equivalent with standards of Britain, Europe and the USA, but at cheaper cost.
Dentists in Budapest
It started in the late 80?s when the Austrians discovered just how much lower the prices are in Hungary. They began to visit the dentistries in Western Transdanubia. That?s the reason the largest number of dentists still work in Sopron and Mosonmagyarovar.
For a walk in these cities you?ll find a dentist?s nameboard almost above each entrance. The first brave patients realised that does not just the prices are lower but the services are of high quality, the employees are polite and they speak languages. The Hungarian medical qualifications are world-famous and yearly more and more students arrived at study on the Hungarian medical universities. Soon the dentist tip was a not so well kept secret. As inexpensive airlines emerged and flights became a lot more affordable more and more guests arrive to Hungary to mix a holiday with a visit to a dentist or with the direct try to take part on a dental check-up.
Even when one has to pay for transportation and accommodation, the final costs of the comprehensive dental treatment is still reduced, than it would be in England, Ireland or Germany. In the meantime Budapest maintains with the latest trends. A multitude of services are available from dental consultation to surgery, dental implants and aftercare service.
Benefits of dental vacation
Many would believe that an important dental work could be so expensive in their country, they do not give a opportunity to look around and find cheaper places. But because of more affordable traveling prices, Internet technology and important advances in medical science, dental tourism have become a global trend. In many cases, it?s cheaper to book a flight ticket, a hotel and pay for the dental work in overseas, than it would be inland.
People don?t understand that in an eastern university, doctor education is often as qualified as in western countries. Universities like Semmelweis University of Budapest or University of Szeged are carrying authority worldwide. Those doctors, who?re finishing these schools, tend to be in demand. And it is becoming obvious that western hospitals hire doctors from Central Eastern Europe, due to their professionalism.
Disadvantages of dental care abroad
You will find off course wrongs of dental tourism. To begin with, you are going to a completely alien place, in which you don?t speak the language, you don?t know anything about the customs, the laws, taxes etc. And there, you?d receive a dental treatment, what is fairly unpleasant the majority of the times. There are many methods to solve this problem. Prior to leaving read tips from guide books, from the Internet, and you may also ask your dentist, what she or he recommends. It is certain they would be happy to assist you to, as you are their patient, and they need you to be satisfied. When travelling for dental care, always have a family member or a good friend with you, as following a day?s procedure when you are tired and the mouth area is numb it?s good to have somebody in your corner.
Hungary is in the forefront of dental tourism because of the country?s low prices, the qualified doctors, and that Hungarian specialists happen to be treating visitors from Germany and Austria for many years. Now a full person in the European Union Hungary with its respected tradition of dental care is expanding its dental tourism offerings.
Three U.S. Marines were shot dead by an Afghan worker on a military base in southern Afghanistan, an Afghan official told NBC News, raising to six the number of American service members who died in rogue attacks in the country in 24 hours.
If you order your rum and Coke sans rum or prefer the taste of a mocktail, here?s how to survive our bottoms-up social order.
Want a beer? Ick. How about wine? Ugh. Vodka cooler? Cringe.
So goes my inner dialogue whenever I?m out. Without fail, my gracious hosts will want to ply me with alcoholic beverages of all tastes and colours, and I will have to figure out creative ways to quiet this commentary and politely decline?over and over and over again.
My husband, Jason, and I are non-drinkers, which pretty much makes us social pariahs. We continually throw people for a loop when we ask for our rum and cokes sans rum. People who are ready to wow us with their mad bartending skills or share their latest wine coup are suddenly at a loss for how to interact with us. Slowly but surely, as the evening and imbibing progresses, we find ourselves all too sober and in awe of just how much alcohol people are capable of consuming.
Even though I don?t drink, I know that planning any successful adult event requires that attention be paid to the bar and its offerings. Many events are centred around liquor (winemakers dinners, tastings, wine pairings, etc.) and a social event without alcohol is almost automatically deemed a failure. Case in point: we once attended a Mormon wedding that didn?t serve alcohol. People had no idea how to entertain themselves; it was like participating in a botched social experiment. Jason and I were having a good time, but no one else was and the night ended before 9 p.m.
Sometimes I?ll have a cocktail at a party or drink an occasional glass of wine when dining out. I get why people drink socially?it helps put them at ease and it often serves as a conversation starter. Plus, let?s face it: some people are genuinely more fun to be around after they?ve had a drink. But at every social event I go to, there?s always that poor, dishevelled sap who?s had a few too many. Invariably, it?s this boozy dude who loudly slurs in my direction, ?Why aren?t you drinking?? or bellows, ?I can?t believe you don?t drink!? At that point, I almost look forward to the inevitable drunken outburst/scene, which I am typically the only one who remembers in vivid detail. Sometimes these incidents are hilarious. Other times, they get ugly. Mostly, they?re just embarrassing.
Why don?t I drink? It?s simple. Basically, I react the way Sheldon does on The Big Bang Theory when he has a drink: ?Jeepers! That tastes yucky!? I just don?t like the taste of most alcoholic drinks. In fact, I?d much prefer the virgin version of almost any beverage. Sure, there are a few I do enjoy (Hello Malibu and pineapple) and occasionally I find a wine/food pairing that is truly delightful, but, overall, there isn?t a single beverage that I think warrants spending more than $5 a glass on. I?d much rather have a pocketful of fivers than throw up my spending later. (Did I mention that I can?t hold my liquor? Another good reason for me not to drink.)
I?m always surprised that no one seems bothered about how much they pay for drinks. The average pint or cocktail runs about $6. Throw in another buck for tip. Knock back a few, and that?s not exactly a cheap night out, especially now that, thanks to the Alberta government?s crackdown on drinking and driving, there?s likely food and cab fare to pay for. Me, I?d rather have a new pair of jeans or a massage than a headache the next day. (And, of course, the lack of hangover is major grounds for not imbibing.
I feel like I?ve been run over by a truck when I don?t get eight solid hours of sleep. Add a crushing hangover to the mix and I?d be useless for days.)
I don?t fault anyone for wanting a drink after a hard day, for cherishing that special bottle of brandy or for wanting to raise a glass to commemorate a special occasion. But reciprocally, I shouldn?t be viewed as outlandish for not immediately turning to booze as a means of socialization, celebration or drowning my sorrows.
In my home, we?ll celebrate with good food instead of alcohol. We?ll spoil ourselves with a lobster dinner and an indulgent dessert while raising a glass of sparkling water. We don?t need spirits to lift spirits; rather, a bowl of delicious ice cream can work wonders on sadness, and the headache it might cause only lasts a few seconds. And then, there?s chocolate. Enough said.
When we entertain, we do offer alcohol (we don?t expect others not to drink just because we don?t), but we find that because we, as non-drinking hosts, do not pour drinks with abandon all night, people rarely get smashed at our home. We?ll have fun evenings where the conversation flows more than the bubbly, and everyone can still speak coherently when they leave. And yet, since alcohol is so socially accepted, nay expected, it?s non-drinking folks like me who are considered out of the ordinary.
Ultimately, it shouldn?t matter what?s in our glasses. It matters that we have something to toast. Cheers to that.
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